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Video summary: The German invasion of Greece, also known as the Battle of Greece or Operation Marita (German: Unternehmen Marita), is the attack of Allied Greece by Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany during World War II.The Italian invasion in October 1940, which is usually known as the Greco-Italian War, was followed by the German invasion in April 1941. German landings on the island of Crete (May 1941) came after Allied forces had been defeated in mainland Greece. These battles were part of the greater Balkan Campaign of the Axis powers and their associates. Article: 🤍 About us: The AI reader History channel helps you learn about History. We use Wikipedia articles one of the most reliable sources on the internet. Learn while driving, while at the office, or while relaxing at home. Just turn on our channel and learn about all sorts of historic events and people. License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (🤍
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: 🤍 00:02:29 1 Prehistoric Greece 00:02:39 1.1 Neolithic to Bronze Age (7000–1100 BC) 00:04:06 1.1.1 Cycladic and Minoan civilization 00:05:52 1.1.2 Mycenaean civilization 00:08:07 2 Ancient Greece (1100–146 BC) 00:09:56 2.1 Iron Age (1100–800 BC) 00:11:46 2.2 Archaic Greece 00:12:50 2.3 Classical Greece 00:13:47 2.3.1 Persian Wars 00:16:23 2.3.2 Peloponnesian War 00:21:13 2.4 Hellenistic Greece 00:26:08 3 Roman Greece (146 BC–324 AD) 00:28:25 4 Byzantine Empire (324–1453 AD) 00:31:59 4.1 Economic prosperity 00:33:46 4.2 Artistic revival 00:36:35 4.3 The Fourth Crusade 00:37:45 5 Venetian and Ottoman rule (15th century–1821 AD) 00:39:20 6 Modern Greek nation state (1821–present) 00:41:45 6.1 Modernization 00:43:38 6.2 Balkan Wars 00:44:14 6.3 World War I and Greco-Turkish War 00:46:28 6.4 World War II 00:50:11 6.5 Greek Civil War (1944–1949) 00:52:44 6.6 Postwar development and integration in Western Bloc (1949–1967) 00:53:57 6.7 Military dictatorship (1967–1974) 00:55:16 6.8 Third Hellenic Republic (1974–present) 00:57:18 6.9 Greece in the Eurozone 00:58:45 7 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: 🤍 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: 🤍 Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 Speaking Rate: 0.9906871834451809 Voice name: en-GB-Wavenet-C "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY = The history of Greece encompasses the history of the territory of the modern nation state of Greece as well as that of the Greek people and the areas they inhabited and ruled historically. The scope of Greek habitation and rule has varied throughout the ages and as a result the history of Greece is similarly elastic in what it includes. Generally, the history of Greece is divided into the following periods: Neolithic Greece covering a period beginning with the establishment of agricultural societies in 7000 BC and ending in 3200/3100 BC, Helladic (Minoan or Bronze Age) chronology covering a period beginning with the transition to a metal-based economy in 3200/3100 BC to the rise and fall of the Mycenaean Greek palaces spanning roughly five centuries (1600–1100 BC), Ancient Greece covering a period from the fall of the Mycenaean civilization in 1100 BC to 146 BC spanning multiple sub-periods including the Greek Dark Ages (or Iron Age, Homeric Age), Archaic period, the Classical period and the Hellenistic period, Roman Greece covering a period from the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BC to 324 AD, Byzantine Greece covering a period from the establishment of the capital city of Byzantium, Constantinople, in 324 AD until the fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD, Frankish/Latin Greece (including the Venetian possesions) covering a period from the Fourth Crusade (1204) to 1797, year of disestablishment of the Venetian Republic, Ottoman Greece covering a period from 1453 up until the Greek Revolution of 1821, Modern Greece covering a period from 1821 to the present.At its cultural and geographical peak, Greek civilization spread from Egypt all the way to the Hindu Kush mountains in Afghanistan. Since then, Greek minorities have remained in former Greek territories (e.g. Turkey, Albania, Italy, Libya, Levant, Armenia, Georgia) and Greek emigrants have assimilated into differing societies across the globe (e.g. North America, Australia, Northern Europe, South Africa). Nowadays most Greeks live in the modern states of Greece (independent since 1821) and Cyprus.
Today we are going to explore amazing and most interesting facts about Greece and it's tourist places in Hindi. #greece #greecefacts #greecetourism #touropediahindi For Business Inquiry or Copyright Matters Mail us at: touropediahindiofficial🤍gmail.com My YouTube Gears / devices & equipment’s: (Affiliate Link) 1. My Laptop: 🤍 2. My Microphone : 🤍 3. My Main Mic : 🤍 4. My Pop Filter: 🤍 5. My Smartphone : 🤍 6. My Laptop Mouse: 🤍 Follow Me On Instagram: 🤍 Follow Our Facebook Page :🤍 Music: Kuba Te - Shade like Creative Commons Attribution license 🤍 Disclaimer: All information in this video is based on Internet data. This YouTube Channel does not claim on the truth of the information Provided. Some of the Pictures and videos in this episode are for examples only. All Credit goes to their respective owners.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: 🤍 00:02:15 1 History 00:02:43 1.1 Origins 00:04:28 1.2 Mycenaean 00:06:26 1.3 Classical 00:10:01 1.4 Hellenistic 00:11:40 1.5 Roman Empire 00:14:08 1.6 Byzantine Empire 00:20:13 1.7 Ottoman Empire 00:24:41 1.8 Modern 00:26:04 2 Identity 00:29:12 2.1 Names 00:31:32 2.2 Continuity 00:33:36 2.3 Demographics 00:36:14 2.4 Diaspora 00:37:23 2.4.1 Ancient 00:38:37 2.4.2 Modern 00:40:52 3 Culture 00:41:40 3.1 Language 00:44:45 3.2 Religion 00:46:00 3.3 Arts 00:48:58 3.4 Science 00:51:50 3.5 Symbols 00:53:46 3.6 Surnames and personal names 00:56:20 3.7 Sea 00:58:30 4 Genetics 01:03:54 5 Physical appearance 01:05:33 6 Timeline 01:06:24 7 See also 01:06:33 8 Notes Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: 🤍 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: 🤍 Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 Speaking Rate: 0.8234565232484615 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY = The Greeks or Hellenes (; Greek: Έλληνες, Éllines [ˈelines]) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Homosexuality in ancient Greece Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = In classical antiquity, writers such as Herodotus, Plato, Xenophon, Athenaeus and many others explored aspects of homosexuality in ancient Greece. The most widespread and socially significant form of same-sex sexual relations in ancient Greece was between adult men and pubescent or adolescent boys, known as pederasty (marriages in Ancient Greece between men and women were also age structured, with men in their thirties commonly taking wives in their early teens). Though sexual relationships between adult men did exist, at least one member of each of these relationships flouted social conventions by assuming a passive sexual role. It is unclear how such relations between women were regarded in the general society, but examples do exist as far back as the time of Sappho.The ancient Greeks did not conceive of sexual orientation as a social identifier as modern Western societies have done. Greek society did not distinguish sexual desire or behavior by the gender of the participants, but rather by the role that each participant played in the sex act, that of active penetrator or passive penetrated. This active/passive polarization corresponded with dominant and submissive social roles: the active (penetrative) role was associated with masculinity, higher social status, and adulthood, while the passive role was associated with femininity, lower social status, and youth.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Geographic regions of Greece 00:00:58 undefined 00:01:09 undefined Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = The traditional geographic regions of Greece (Greek: γεωγραφικά διαμερίσματα, literally "geographic departments") are the country's main historical-geographic regions, and were also official administrative regional subdivisions of Greece until the 1987 administrative reform. Despite their replacement as first-level administrative units by the newly defined administrative regions (Greek: περιφέρειες), the nine traditional geographic divisions—six on the mainland and three island groups—are still widely referred to in unofficial contexts and in daily discourse. As of 2011, the official administrative divisions of Greece consist of 13 regions (Greek: περιφέρειες)—nine on the mainland and four island groups—which are further subdivided into 74 regional units and 325 municipalities. Formerly, there were also 54 prefectures or prefectural-level administrations.
Create your own video on 🤍 ! The White Tower of Thessaloniki; the city's landmark. The statue of Alexander the Great in Thessaloniki sea front. The Arch of Galerius with Rotunda in the background. A seventh-century mosaic from Hagios Demetrios representing St. Demetrius with children. The Roman Forum in central Thessaloniki. The winding Ottoman-period streets of Thessaloniki's Old Town (Ano Poli). Thessaloniki's 'Ano Poli' (Old City). Greek soldiers marching in Thessaloniki in 1916. The busy White Tower Square, between Pavlou Mela street and Nikis avenue in central Thessaloniki. West part of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki campus; Greece's largest University. Sunset in Thessaloniki's seaside 'Nikis Avenue'.View from the Port. Night view of the OTE Tower in central Thessaloniki. View of Thessaloniki from the central Ano Poli district. Aerial view of Thessaloniki's central districts. The Aghia Sophia square in central Thessaloniki. Aristotelous Square in central Thessaloniki. The colourful shopfronts of the central district of Ladadika which used to be the Jewish quarter. The Thessaloniki Concert Hall. Part of the highway connecting Thessaloniki with Makedonia International Airport. Area of the IKEA superstores and the Interbalkan Medical Center. View of one of Thessaloniki's Makedonia International Airport main terminals.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Greece Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment. This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice. SUMMARY = Greece (Greek: Ελλάδα, Elláda Greek pronunciation: [eˈlaða]), officially the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Ellinikí Dimokratía Greek pronunciation: [eliniˈci ðimokraˈti.a]), historically also known as Hellas (Ancient Greek: Ἑλλάς, Hellás Greek pronunciation: [heˈlas]), is a country located in Southern and Southeast Europe, with a population of approximately 11 million as of 2016. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki. Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at 13,676 km (8,498 mi) in length, featuring a large number of islands, of which 227 are inhabited. Eighty percent of Greece is mountainous, with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at 2,918 metres (9,573 ft). The country consists of nine geographic regions: Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands (including the Dodecanese and Cyclades), Thrace, Crete, and the Ionian Islands. Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilisation, being the birthplace of democracy, Western philosophy, Western literature, historiography, political science, major scientific and mathematical principles, and Western drama, as well as the Olympic Games. From the eighth century BC, the Greeks were organised into various independent city-states, known as poleis (singular polis), which spanned the entire Mediterranean region and the Black Sea. Philip of Macedon united most of the Greek mainland in the fourth century BC, with his son Alexander the Great rapidly conquering much of the ancient world, spreading Greek culture and science from the eastern Mediterranean to India. Greece was annexed by Rome in the second century BC, becoming an integral part of the Roman Empire and its successor, the Byzantine Empire, wherein Greek language and culture were dominant. Rooted in the first century A.D., the Greek Orthodox Church helped shape modern Greek identity and transmitted Greek traditions to the wider Orthodox World. Falling under Ottoman dominion in the mid-15th century, the modern nation state of Greece emerged in 1830 following a war of independence. Greece's rich historical legacy is reflected by its 18 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The sovereign state of Greece is a unitary parliamentary republic and developed country with an advanced high-income economy, a high quality of life, and a very high standard of living. A founding member of the United Nations, Greece was the tenth member to join the European Communities (precursor to the European Union) and has been part of the Eurozone since 2001. It is also a member of numerous other international institutions, including the Council of Europe, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF). Greece's unique cultural heritage, large tourism industry, prominent shipping sector and geostrategic importance classify it as a middle power. It is the largest economy in the Balkans, where it is an important regional investor.
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Attic Greek Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = Attic Greek is the Greek dialect of the ancient city-state of Athens. Of the ancient dialects, it is the most similar to later Greek and is the standard form of the language that is studied in ancient Greek language courses. Attic Greek is sometimes included in the Ionic dialect. Together, Attic and Ionic are the primary influences on Modern Greek.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: History of the Jews in Greece Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment. This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice. SUMMARY = Jews have been present in Greece since at least the fourth century BC. The oldest and the most characteristic Jewish group that has inhabited Greece are the Romaniotes, also known as "Greek Jews". However, the term "Greek Jew" is predominantly used for any person of Jewish descent or faith that lives in or originates from the modern region of Greece. Aside from the Romaniotes, a distinct Jewish population that historically lived in communities throughout Greece and neighboring areas with large Greek populations, Greece had a large population of Sephardi Jews, and is a historical center of Sephardic life; the city of Salonica or Thessaloniki, in Greek Macedonia, was called the "Mother of Israel". Greek Jews played an important role in the early development of Christianity, and became a source of education and commerce for the Byzantine Empire and throughout the period of Ottoman Greece, until suffering devastation in the Holocaust after Greece was conquered and occupied by the Axis powers despite efforts by Greeks to protect them. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, a large percentage of the surviving community emigrated to Israel or the United States. The Jewish community in Greece currently amounts to roughly 8,000 people, concentrated mainly in Athens, Thessaloniki (or Salonika in Judeo-Spanish), Larissa, Volos, Chalkis, Ioannina, Trikala, Corfu and a functioning synagogue on Crete, while very few remain in Kavala and Rhodes. Greek Jews today largely "live side by side in harmony" with Christian Greeks, according to Giorgo Romaio, president of the Greek Committee for the Jewish Museum of Greece, while nevertheless continuing to work with other Greeks, and Jews worldwide, to combat any rise of anti-Semitism in Greece. Currently the Jewish community of Greece makes great efforts to establish a Holocaust museum in the country. A permanent pavilion about the Holocaust of Greek Jews in KZ Auschwitz shall be installed. A delegation and the president of the Jewish communities of Greece met in November 2016 with Greek politicians and asked them for support in their demand to get back the community archives of the Jewish community of Thessaloniki from Moscow.
Create your own video on 🤍 ! The Athens Academy. The Zappeion Exhibition Hall. The mid-section of Ermou Street in central Athens. The port of Piraeus. The northern suburb of Maroussi. The Athens Olympic Stadium; capacity: 76,000. Central & South Athens from Lykavittos Hill. 'Patission Avenue' in central Athens. 'Grande Bretagne' hotel in Syntagma Square. Anafiotika district and the Lykavittos Hill. The opening ceremony of the 1896 Olympic Games. The Olympic Flame at the Opening Ceremony.
Wikipedia is not a free encyclopedia at all... If there is someone with the right level of administration that want to help me to make it neutral, i am here.
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Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. They were a part of religion in ancient Greece. Modern scholars refer to the myths and study them in an attempt to throw light on the religious and political institutions of Ancient Greece and on the Ancient Greek civilization, and to gain understanding of the nature of myth-making itself. Greek mythology is embodied explicitly in a large collection of narratives and implicitly in representational arts, such as vase-paintings and votive gifts. Greek myth explains the origins of the world and details the lives and adventures of a wide variety of gods, goddesses, heroes, heroines, and other mythological creatures. These accounts were initially disseminated in an oral-poetic tradition; the Greek myths are known today primarily from Greek literature. The oldest known Greek literary sources, the epic poems Iliad and Odyssey, focus on events surrounding the Trojan War. Two poems by Homer's near contemporary Hesiod, the Theogony and the Works and Days, contain accounts of the genesis of the world, the succession of divine rulers, the succession of human ages, the origin of human woes, and the origin of sacrificial practices. Myths are also preserved in the Homeric Hymns, in fragments of epic poems of the Epic Cycle, in lyric poems, in the works of the tragedians of the 5th century BC, in writings of scholars and poets of the Hellenistic Age and in texts from the time of the Roman Empire by writers such as Plutarch and Pausanias. Archaeological evidence is a principal source of detail about Greek mythology, with gods and heroes featuring prominently in the decoration of many artifacts. Geometric designs on pottery of the 8th century BCE depict scenes from the Trojan cycle as well as the adventures of Heracles. In the succeeding Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic periods, Homeric and various other mythological scenes appear, supplementing the existing literary evidence. Greek mythology has had extensive influence on the culture, the arts and the literature of Western civilization and remains part of Western heritage and language. Poets and artists from ancient times to the present have derived inspiration from Greek mythology and have discovered contemporary significance and relevance in classical mythological themes. Educational content and audio offered by courtesy of Wikipedia, under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license. Speaker: Tonyle Speaker website: 🤍 Painting: Detail of Raphael's Sistine Madonna Photo by: Carulmare Photo license: CC BY 2.0 Photo url: 🤍 For any suggestions you can contact us in the comments below or at documentaries.pd🤍gmail.com. Subscribe now to our channel for more interesting educational content! Leave a comment below with what subject you would like for us to explain next :)
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Archaic Greece Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = Archaic Greece was the period in Greek history lasting from the eighth century BC to the second Persian invasion of Greece in 480 BC, following the Greek Dark Ages and succeeded by the Classical period. The period began with a massive increase in the Greek population and a series of significant changes which rendered the Greek world at the end of the eighth century as entirely unrecognisable as compared to its beginning. According to Anthony Snodgrass, the Archaic period in ancient Greece was bounded by two revolutions in the Greek world. It began with a "structural revolution" which "drew the political map of the Greek world" and established the poleis, the distinctively Greek city-states, and ended with the intellectual revolution of the Classical period.The Archaic period saw developments in Greek politics, economics, international relations, warfare, and culture. It laid the groundwork for the Classical period, both politically and culturally. It was in the Archaic period that the Greek alphabet developed, that the earliest surviving Greek literature was composed, that monumental sculpture and red-figure pottery began in Greece, and that the hoplite became the core of Greek armies. In Athens, the earliest institutions of the democracy were implemented under Solon, and the reforms of Cleisthenes at the end of the Archaic period brought in Athenian democracy as it was during the Classical period. In Sparta, many of the institutions credited to the reforms of Lycurgus were introduced during the period, the region of Messenia was brought under Spartan control, helotage was introduced, and the Peloponnesian League was founded, making Sparta a dominant power in Greece.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Greece Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment. This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice. SUMMARY = Greece (Greek: Ελλάδα, Elláda Greek pronunciation: [eˈlaða]), officially the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Ellinikí Dimokratía Greek pronunciation: [eliniˈci ðimokraˈti.a]), historically also known as Hellas (Ancient Greek: Ἑλλάς, Hellás Greek pronunciation: [heˈlas]), is a country located in Southern and Southeast Europe, with a population of approximately 11 million as of 2016. Athens is the nation's capital and largest city, followed by Thessaloniki. Greece is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Situated on the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the northeast. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of the mainland, the Ionian Sea to the west, the Cretan Sea and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the longest coastline on the Mediterranean Basin and the 11th longest coastline in the world at 13,676 km (8,498 mi) in length, featuring a large number of islands, of which 227 are inhabited. Eighty percent of Greece is mountainous, with Mount Olympus being the highest peak at 2,918 metres (9,573 ft). The country consists of nine geographic regions: Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands (including the Dodecanese and Cyclades), Thrace, Crete, and the Ionian Islands. Greece is considered the cradle of Western civilisation, being the birthplace of democracy, Western philosophy, Western literature, historiography, political science, major scientific and mathematical principles, and Western drama, as well as the Olympic Games. From the eighth century BC, the Greeks were organised into various independent city-states, known as poleis (singular polis), which spanned the entire Mediterranean region and the Black Sea. Philip of Macedon united most of the Greek mainland in the fourth century BC, with his son Alexander the Great rapidly conquering much of the ancient world, spreading Greek culture and science from the eastern Mediterranean to India. Greece was annexed by Rome in the second century BC, becoming an integral part of the Roman Empire and its successor, the Byzantine Empire, wherein Greek language and culture were dominant. Rooted in the first century A.D., the Greek Orthodox Church helped shape modern Greek identity and transmitted Greek traditions to the wider Orthodox World. Falling under Ottoman dominion in the mid-15th century, the modern nation state of Greece emerged in 1830 following a war of independence. Greece's rich historical legacy is reflected by its 18 UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The sovereign state of Greece is a unitary parliamentary republic and developed country with an advanced high-income economy, a high quality of life, and a very high standard of living. A founding member of the United Nations, Greece was the tenth member to join the European Communities (precursor to the European Union) and has been part of the Eurozone since 2001. It is also a member of numerous other international institutions, including the Council of Europe, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF). Greece's unique cultural heritage, large tourism industry, prominent shipping sector and geostrategic importance classify it as a middle power. It is the largest economy in the Balkans, where it is an important regional investor.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Prostitution in ancient Greece Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = Prostitution was a common aspect of ancient Greece. In the more important cities, and particularly the many ports, it employed a significant number of people and represented a notable part of economic activity. It was far from being clandestine; cities did not condemn brothels, but rather only instituted regulations on them. In Athens, the legendary lawmaker Solon is credited with having created state brothels with regulated prices. Prostitution involved both sexes differently; women of all ages and young men were prostitutes, for a predominantly male clientele. Simultaneously, extramarital relations with a free woman were severely dealt with. In the case of adultery, the cuckold had the legal right to kill the offender if caught in the act; the same went for rape. Female adulterers, and by extension prostitutes, were forbidden to marry or take part in public ceremonies. The average age of marriage being 30 for men, the young Athenian had no choice if he wanted to have sexual relations other than to turn to slaves or prostitutes.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: 🤍 00:00:30 1 Origins 00:02:37 2 First resistance acts 00:05:12 3 Establishment of the first resistance groups 00:07:37 4 Resistance in the mountains – iAndartiko/i 00:08:33 4.1 Emergence of the armed resistance 00:11:14 4.2 The establishment of "Free Greece" 00:12:20 4.3 Italian collapse and German takeover 00:14:37 4.4 Prelude to Civil War: the first conflicts 00:19:02 5 Resistance in the islands and Crete 00:19:53 6 Resistance in the cities 00:22:03 6.1 Urban protest 00:23:46 7 Risks involved 00:24:57 8 Table of main Resistance groups 00:25:08 9 Notable Resistance members 00:25:18 10 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: 🤍 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: 🤍 Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 Speaking Rate: 0.7499646225412342 Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-B "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY = The Greek Resistance (Greek: Εθνική Αντίσταση, romanized: Ethnikí Antístasi, "National Resistance") is the blanket term for a number of armed and unarmed groups from across the political spectrum that resisted the Axis occupation of Greece in the period 1941–1944, during World War II. It is considered as one of the strongest resistance movements in Nazi-occupied Europe.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Classical Greece Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = Classical Greece was a period of around 200 years (5th and 4th centuries BC) in Greek culture. This Classical period saw the annexation of much of modern-day Greece by the Persian Empire and its subsequent independence. Classical Greece had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire and on the foundations of Western civilization. Much of modern Western politics, artistic thought (architecture, sculpture), scientific thought, theatre, literature, and philosophy derives from this period of Greek history. In the context of the art, architecture, and culture of Ancient Greece, the Classical period corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries BC (the most common dates being the fall of the last Athenian tyrant in 510 BC and the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC). The Classical period in this sense follows the Archaic period and is in turn succeeded by the Hellenistic period.
Το Ίντερνετ έχει καταστήσει την πρόσβαση στη γνώση ένα κλικ υπόθεση. Αυτό οφείλεται σε μεγάλο βαθμό στη Wikipedia, τη Διαδικτυακή πλατφόρμα που έφερε τα πάνω κάτω, δίνοντας απλόχερα σε όλους πρόσβαση σε έναν τεράστιο όγκο πληροφορίας και μάλιστα με συντάκτες ακόμα και τους ίδιους τους χρήστες του διαδικτύου.Ένας από τους ιδρυτές της Wikipedia, ο Larry Sanger, βρέθηκε πρόσφατα στην Αθήνα, στο πλαίσιο της διοργάνωσης «Disrupt» για τη νέα επιχειρηματικότητα, με στόχο να δώσει τα φώτα του στους νεώτερους.Το VICE Meets παρουσιάζει τον άνθρωπο που συνέβαλε όσο ελάχιστοι στην νέα εποχή που έφερε το Ίντερνετ, ενώ αναζητά απαντήσεις για τους λόγους που σήμερα ο ίδιος αμφισβητεί πλέον τη Wikipedia και το τι αντιπροτείνει. #VICEGreece #VICEMeets #interview #LarrySanger #wikipedia Κάντε subscribe στο κανάλι του VICE Greece στο YouTube: 🤍 Σχετικά με το VICE Greece: Ο απόλυτος οδηγός για μια διαφορετική και σε βάθος ενημέρωση. Από κάθε γωνιά του πλανήτη, οι εναλλακτικές, τολμηρές, πρωτοποριακές και συχνά παράξενες ιστορίες μας έχουν αλλάξει τον τρόπο που οι άνθρωποι σκέφτονται για τον πολιτισμό, το έγκλημα, την τέχνη, τα πάρτι, τη μόδα, τις διαμαρτυρίες, την πολιτική, το διαδίκτυο και δεκάδες άλλα θέματα. Περιηγηθείτε στη βιντεοθήκη μας και ανακαλύψτε άγνωστες ιστορίες. Καλώς ήρθατε στο VICE Greece. Επισκεφθείτε την ιστοσελίδα μας: Βίντεο, άρθρα και πολλά ακόμη: 🤍 Δείτε όλα τα βίντεο μας στο Youtube: 🤍 Ακολουθήστε μας στο Instagram: 🤍 Κάντε like στη σελίδα μας στο Facebook: 🤍 Ακολουθήστε μας στo Twitter: 🤍
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Greek Civil War Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = Τhe Greek Civil War (Greek: ο Eμφύλιος [Πόλεμος], o Emfýlios [Pólemos], "the Civil War") was fought in Greece from 1946 to 1949 between the Greek government army — backed by the United Kingdom and the United States — and the Democratic Army of Greece (DSE) — the military branch of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) — backed by Yugoslavia and Albania as well as by Bulgaria. It is often considered the first proxy war of the Cold War, although the Soviet Union avoided sending aid. The fighting resulted in the defeat of the DSE by the Hellenic Army. Founded by the Communist Party of Greece and supported by neighboring and newly founded Socialist States such as Yugoslavia, Albania and Bulgaria, the Democratic Army of Greece included many personnel who had fought as partisans against German, Italian and Bulgarian occupation forces during the Second World War of 1939–1945. The civil war resulted from a highly polarized struggle between left and right ideologies that started in 1943. From 1944 each side targeted the power vacuum resulting from the end of German-Italian occupation (1941–1945) during World War II. The struggle became one of the first conflicts of the Cold War (c. 1947 to 1989) and represents the first example of Cold War power postwar involvement in the internal politics of a foreign country. Greece in the end was funded by the US (through the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan) and joined NATO (1952), while the insurgents were demoralized by the bitter split between the Soviet Union's Joseph Stalin, who wanted the war ended, and Yugoslavia's Josip Broz Tito, who wanted it to continue. Tito was committed to helping the Greek Communists in their efforts, a stance that caused political complications with Stalin, as he had recently agreed with Winston Churchill not to support the Communists in Greece, as documented in their Percentages Agreement of October 1944. The first signs of the civil war occurred in 1942 to 1944, during the German occupation. With the Greek government in exile unable to influence the situation at home, various resistance groups of differing political affiliations emerged, the dominant ones being the leftist National Liberation Front (EAM), and its military branch the Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS) which was effectively controlled by the KKE. Starting in autumn 1943, friction between the EAM and the other resistance groups resulted in scattered clashes, which continued until spring 1944, when an agreement was reached forming a national unity government that included six EAM-affiliated ministers. The immediate prelude of the civil war took place in Athens, on December 3, 1944, less than two months after the Germans had retreated from the area. After an order to disarm, leftists resigned from the government and called for resistance. A riot (the Dekemvriana) erupted and Greek government gendarmes, with British forces standing in the background, opened fire on a pro-EAM rally, killing 28 demonstrators and injuring dozens. The rally had been organised under the pretext of a demonstration against the perceived impunity of the collaborators and the general disarmament ultimatum, signed by Ronald Scobie (the British commander in Greece). The battle lasted 33 days and resulted in the defeat of the EAM. The subsequent signing of the Treaty of Varkiza (12 February 1945) spelled the end of the left-wing organization's ascendancy: the ELAS was partly disarmed while the EAM soon after lost its multi-party character, to become dominated by KKE. All the while, White Terror was unleashed against the supporters of the left, further escalating the tensions between the dominant factions of the nation. The war erupted in 1946, when forces of former ELAS partisans who found shelter in their hideouts and were controlled by the KKE organized the DSE and its High Command headquarters. The KKE backed up the endeavor, decid ...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Clothing in ancient Greece Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = Clothing in ancient Greece primarily consisted of the chiton, peplos, himation, and chlamys. Ancient Greek men and women typically wore two pieces of clothing draped about the body: an undergarment (chiton or peplos) and a cloak (himation or chlamys). Ancient Greek clothing was mainly based on necessity, function, materials, and protection rather than identity. Thus, clothes were quite simple, draped, loose-fitting and free flowing. Customarily, clothing was homemade and cut to various lengths of rectangular linen or wool fabric with minimal cutting or sewing, and secured with ornamental clasps or pins, and a belt, or girdle (zone). Pieces were generally interchangeable between men and women. However, women usually wore their robes to their ankles while men generally wore theirs to their knees depending on the occasion and circumstance. While no clothes have survived from this period, descriptions exist in contemporary accounts and artistic depictions. Clothes were mainly homemade and locally made since trade with other cultures hadn't occurred yet. Additionally, clothing often served many purposes (such as bedding). All ancient Greek clothing was made out of natural fibers. Linen was the most common fabric due to the hot climate which lasted most of the year. On the rare occasion of colder weather, ancient Greeks wore wool. Common clothing of the time was plain white, or neutral colored, sometimes incorporating decorative borders. There is evidence of elaborate design and bright colors, but these were less common among lower class citizens. However, noble citizens wore bright colors to express their wealth as dyed clothing was more expensive. The clothing for both men and women generally consisted of two main parts: a tunic and a cloak. The Greeks had a great appreciation for the human body, and it was shown in their fashion. The fabric was expertly draped around the body, and the cloth could be slightly transparent. Males had no problem with nudity, while women could only be naked in the public bath. The Greeks also influence modern fashion quite frequently, especially in todays globalized world. Modern big name brands such as Zuhair Murad, Dolce and Gabbana, Gucci, Chanel, and Versace have taken elements from Greek clothing for their ready-to-wear and couture collections today. Most notably, Gianni Versace famously used Ancient Greek inspiration and motifs in his collection. In fact, his entire branding is based on Greek culture. The logo for Versace is of the Ancient Greek monster Medusa's head encircled in the traditional meander pattern symbolizing eternity. Dolce and Gabbana also did a collection inspired by Greek temples and ruins. Additionally, the notorious fashion house Chanel devoted their entire Resort 2018 collection to ancient Greece with references to ancient clothing, gods/goddesses, architecture and culture. In addition to using Greek silhouettes and clothing styles, Chanel staged the show in ancient Greek ruins, providing a theatric and refined experience for their audience. Chanel’s creative director Karl Lagerfeld is quoted by Vogue editor Luke Leitch, “The criteria of beauty in Ancient then Classical Greece still holds true. There have never been more beautiful representations of women. Or more beautiful column. The entire Renaissance, in fact, was based on antiquity." Unmistakably, the designer has an adoration for ancient Greek culture as he implements it in his personal designs and style. It is quite evident that, the drapery, architecture, and mythology from ancient Greece had a great influence on fashion since then, and still today.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Greco-Persian Wars 00:04:27 1 Sources 00:09:03 2 Origins of the conflict 00:13:44 2.1 Warfare in the ancient Mediterranean 00:14:07 2.1.1 Persia 00:15:02 2.1.2 Greece 00:16:12 2.1.3 Naval warfare 00:17:05 3 Ionian Revolt (499–493 BC) 00:20:09 4 First invasion of Greece (492–490 BC) 00:20:38 4.1 492 BC: Mardonius's campaign 00:21:48 4.2 490 BC: Datis and Artaphernes' campaign 00:23:13 4.2.1 Battle of Marathon 00:24:44 5 Interbellum (490–480 BC) 00:24:56 5.1 Achaemenid Empire 00:27:02 5.1.1 Size of the Persian forces 00:28:13 5.2 Greek city states 00:28:22 5.2.1 Athens 00:31:01 5.2.2 Sparta 00:32:02 5.2.3 Hellenic alliance 00:33:37 6 Second invasion of Greece (480–479 BC) 00:33:51 6.1 Early 480 BC: Thrace, Macedonia, and Thessaly 00:35:27 6.2 August 480 BC: Battles of Thermopylae and Artemisium 00:37:49 6.3 September 480 BC: Battle of Salamis 00:40:05 6.4 June 479 BC: Battles of Plataea and Mycale 00:42:51 7 Greek counterattack (479–478 BC) 00:43:05 7.1 Mycale and Ionia 00:43:37 7.2 Sestos 00:45:09 7.3 Cyprus 00:46:07 7.4 Byzantium 00:47:51 8 Wars of the Delian League (477–449 BC) 00:48:05 8.1 Delian League 00:49:57 8.2 Campaigns against Persia 00:51:39 9 Peace with Persia 00:56:16 10 Aftermath and later conflicts 00:59:57 11 See also 01:00:13 12 Notes Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = The Greco-Persian Wars (also often called the Persian Wars) were a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire and Greek city-states that started in 499 BC and lasted until 449 BC. The collision between the fractious political world of the Greeks and the enormous empire of the Persians began when Cyrus the Great conquered the Greek-inhabited region of Ionia in 547 BC. Struggling to rule the independent-minded cities of Ionia, the Persians appointed tyrants to rule each of them. This would prove to be the source of much trouble for the Greeks and Persians alike. In 499 BC, the tyrant of Miletus, Aristagoras, embarked on an expedition to conquer the island of Naxos, with Persian support; however, the expedition was a debacle and, preempting his dismissal, Aristagoras incited all of Hellenic Asia Minor into rebellion against the Persians. This was the beginning of the Ionian Revolt, which would last until 493 BC, progressively drawing more regions of Asia Minor into the conflict. Aristagoras secured military support from Athens and Eretria, and in 498 BC these forces helped to capture and burn the Persian regional capital of Sardis. The Persian king Darius the Great vowed to have revenge on Athens and Eretria for this act. The revolt continued, with the two sides effectively stalemated throughout 497–495 BC. In 494 BC, the Persians regrouped, and attacked the epicentre of the revolt in Miletus. At the Battle of Lade, the Ionians suffered a decisive defeat, and the rebellion collapsed, with the final members being stamped out the following year. Seeking to secure his empire from further revolts and from the interference of the mainland Greeks, Darius embarked on a scheme to conquer Greece and to punish Athens and Eretria for the burning of Sardis. The first Persian invasion of Greece began in 492 BC, with the Persian general Mardonius successfully re-subjugating Thrace and Macedon before several mishaps forced an early end to the rest of the campaign. In 490 BC a second force was sent to Greece, this time across the Aegean Sea, under the command of Datis and Artaphernes. This expedition subjugated the Cyclades, before besieging, capturing and razing Eretria. However, while en route to attack Athens, the Persian force was decisively defeated by the Athenians at the Battle of Marathon, ending Persian efforts for the time being. Darius then began to plan to completely conquer Greece, but died in 486 BC and responsibility for the conquest passed to his son Xerxes. In 480 BC, Xerxes personally led the second Persian invasion of Greece with one of the largest ancient armies ever assembled. Victory over the allied Gr ...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Byzantine Greeks 00:03:50 1 Terminology 00:06:33 2 Society 00:07:06 2.1 The poor 00:08:47 2.2 Peasantry 00:11:39 2.3 Soldiers 00:13:21 2.4 Teachers 00:15:55 2.5 Women 00:18:27 2.6 Entrepreneurs 00:20:09 2.7 Clergy 00:21:28 3 Culture 00:21:37 3.1 Language 00:24:32 3.2 Religion 00:28:32 4 Identity 00:28:41 4.1 Self-perception 00:32:18 4.2 Official discourse 00:33:00 4.3 Regional identity 00:33:44 4.4 Revival of Hellenism 00:38:03 4.5 Western perception 00:40:53 4.6 Eastern perception 00:42:38 5 Post-Byzantine history 00:44:57 6 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = The Byzantine Greeks or Byzantines were the Greek-speaking Christian Romans of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. They were the main inhabitants of the lands of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire), of Constantinople and Asia Minor (modern Turkey), the Greek islands, Cyprus, and portions of the southern Balkans, and formed large minorities, or pluralities, in the coastal urban centres of the Levant and northern Egypt. Throughout their history, the Byzantine Greeks self-identified as Romans (Greek: Ῥωμαῖοι, translit. Rhōmaîoi), but are referred to as "Byzantines" and "Byzantine Greeks" in modern historiography. The social structure of the Byzantine Greeks was primarily supported by a rural, agrarian base that consisted of the peasantry, and a small fraction of the poor. These peasants lived within three kinds of settlements: the chorion or village, the agridion or hamlet, and the proasteion or estate. Many civil disturbances that occurred during the time of the Byzantine Empire were attributed to political factions within the Empire rather than to this large popular base. Soldiers among the Byzantine Greeks were at first conscripted amongst the rural peasants and trained on an annual basis. As the Byzantine Empire entered the 11th century, more of the soldiers within the army were either professional men-at-arms or mercenaries. Until the twelfth century, education within the Byzantine Greek population was more advanced than in the West, particularly at primary school level, resulting in comparatively high literacy rates. Success came easily to Byzantine Greek merchants, who enjoyed a very strong position in international trade. Despite the challenges posed by rival Italian merchants, they held their own throughout the latter half of the Byzantine Empire's existence. The clergy also held a special place, not only having more freedom than their Western counterparts, but also maintaining a patriarch in Constantinople who was considered the equal of the pope. This position of strength had built up over time, for at the beginning of the Byzantine Empire, under Emperor Constantine the Great (r. 306–337), only a small part, about 10%, of the population was Christian. Use of the Greek language was already widespread in the eastern parts of the Roman empire when Constantine moved its capital to Constantinople, although Latin was the language of the imperial administration. From the reign of Emperor Heraclius (r. 610–641), Greek was the predominant language amongst the populace and also replaced Latin in administration. At first, the Byzantine Empire had a multi-ethnic character, but following the loss of the non-Greek speaking provinces with the 7th century Muslim conquests it came to be dominated by the Byzantine Greeks, who inhabited the heartland of the later empire: modern Cyprus, Greece, Turkey, and Sicily, and portions of southern Bulgaria, Crimea, and Albania. Over time, the relationship between them and the West, particularly with Latin Europe, deteriorated. Relations were further damaged by a schism between the Catholic West and Orthodox East that led to the Byzantine Greeks being labeled as heretics in the West. Throughout the later centuries of the Byzantine Empire and particularly following the imperial coronation of the King of the Franks, Charlemagne (r. 768–814), in Rome in 800, the Byzantines were not consider ...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: 🤍 00:03:59 1 Names and etymology 00:06:00 2 History 00:06:09 2.1 From classical antiquity to the Roman Empire 00:10:27 2.2 Byzantine era and Middle Ages 00:17:43 2.3 Ottoman period 00:23:48 2.4 20th century and since 00:36:06 3 Geography 00:36:15 3.1 Geology 00:37:36 3.2 Climate 00:41:08 4 Government 00:42:22 4.1 Thessaloniki Municipality 00:44:05 4.2 Other 00:45:41 5 Cityscape 00:45:50 5.1 Architecture 00:49:02 5.2 City centre 00:52:19 5.3 Ano Poli 00:53:48 5.4 Northwestern Thessaloniki 00:55:59 5.5 Southeastern Thessaloniki 00:57:50 5.6 Paleochristian and Byzantine monuments (UNESCO) 01:00:19 5.7 Urban sculpture 01:01:13 5.8 Thessaloniki 2012 Program 01:03:56 6 Economy 01:06:15 6.1 Services 01:08:16 6.2 Companies 01:10:30 6.3 Macroeconomic indicators 01:12:08 7 Demographics 01:12:17 7.1 Historical ethnic statistics 01:12:39 7.2 Population growth 01:13:19 7.3 Jews of Thessaloniki 01:20:24 7.4 Others 01:21:48 8 Culture 01:21:57 8.1 Leisure and entertainment 01:25:09 8.2 Parks and recreation 01:27:51 8.3 Museums and galleries 01:31:57 8.4 Archaeological sites 01:35:43 8.5 Festivals 01:39:38 8.6 Sports 01:42:48 8.7 Media 01:44:12 8.7.1 TV broadcasting 01:44:37 8.7.2 Press 01:45:19 8.8 Notable Thessalonians 01:48:30 8.9 Cuisine 01:49:58 8.10 Music 01:51:30 8.11 In popular culture 01:53:16 9 Education 01:55:57 10 Transport 01:56:06 10.1 Bus transport 01:56:56 10.2 Metro 01:59:29 10.3 Commuter/suburban rail (Proastiakos) 02:00:22 10.4 Thessaloniki Airport "Makedonia" 02:01:23 10.5 Railways and ferry connections 02:03:19 10.6 Motorways 02:05:17 10.6.1 Future plans 02:08:38 11 International relations 02:08:51 11.1 Twin towns – sister cities 02:09:05 12 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: 🤍 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: 🤍 Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 Speaking Rate: 0.759081957954997 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY = Thessaloniki (UK: , US: ; Greek: Θεσσαλονίκη, romanized: Thessaloníki [θesaloˈnici] (listen)), also familiarly known as Thessalonica (, also US: ), Salonica or Salonika (, also US: ), is the second-largest city in Greece, with over 1 million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of Greek Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace. Its nickname is η Συμπρωτεύουσα (i Symprōtévousa), literally "the co-capital", a reference to its historical status as the Συμβασιλεύουσα (Symvasilévousa) or "co-reigning" city of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, alongside Constantinople.Thessaloniki is located on the Thermaic Gulf, at the northwest corner of the Aegean Sea. It is bounded on the west by the delta of the Axios/Vardar. The municipality of Thessaloniki, the historical center, had a population of 325,182 in 2011, while the Thessaloniki Urban Area had a population of 824,676 and the Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area had 1,030,338 inhabitants in 2011. It is Greece's second major economic, industrial, commercial and political centre; it is a major transportation hub for Greece and southeastern Europe, notably through the Port of Thessaloniki. The city is renowned for its festivals, events and vibrant cultural life in general, and is considered to be Greece's cultural capital. Events such as the Thessaloniki International Fair and the Thessaloniki International Film Festival are held annually, while the city also hosts the largest bi-annual meeting of the Greek diaspora. Thessaloniki was the 2014 European Youth Capital.The city of Thessaloniki was founded in 315 BC by Cassander of Macedon. An important metropolis by the Roman period, Thessaloniki was the second largest and wealthiest city of the Byzantine Empire. It was conquered by the Ottomans in 1430, and remained an important seaport and multi-ethnic metropolis during the nearly five centuries of Turkish rule. It passed from the Ottoman Empire to Gre ...
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: 🤍 00:00:15 1 Ancient Greek mathematicians 00:00:24 2 Byzantine mathematicians 00:00:34 3 Modern Greek mathematicians Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: 🤍 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: 🤍 Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 Speaking Rate: 0.9664284157940108 Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-C "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY = In historical times, Greek civilization has played one of the major roles in the history and development of mathematics. To this day, a number of Greek mathematicians are considered for their innovations and influence on mathematics.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: List of national parks of Greece 00:00:29 1 Greek climate 00:01:18 2 History 00:01:59 3 Layout Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = Greece is characterized by an extremely fragmented, rugged landscape hosting a great diversity of ecosystems and an outstanding biodiversity. Almost 5% of its extensive coastline consists of ecologically sensitive wetlands. Two thirds of the total population live no further than 2 km from the coast and most of the important urban centers are coastal, while almost all of the tourist infrastructure is divided among islands and the coastal mainland.
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Greeks Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = The Greeks or Hellenes (; Greek: Έλληνες, Éllines [ˈelines]) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.
Video summary: The Battle of Cunaxa was fought in 401 BC between Cyrus the Younger and his elder brother Arsaces, who had inherited the Persian throne as Artaxerxes II in 404 BC. The great battle of the revolt of Cyrus took place 70 km north of Babylon, at Cunaxa (Greek: Κούναξα), on the left bank of the Euphrates. The main source is Xenophon, a Greek soldier who participated in the fighting. Article: 🤍 About us: The AI reader History channel helps you learn about History. We use Wikipedia articles one of the most reliable sources on the internet. Learn while driving, while at the office, or while relaxing at home. Just turn on our channel and learn about all sorts of historic events and people. License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (🤍
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Greeks 00:01:49 1 History 00:02:13 1.1 Origins 00:03:40 1.2 Mycenaean 00:05:17 1.3 Classical 00:08:14 1.4 Hellenistic 00:09:34 1.5 Roman Empire 00:11:35 1.6 Byzantine Empire 00:16:08 1.7 Ottoman Empire 00:19:45 1.8 Modern 00:20:53 2 Identity 00:23:28 2.1 Names 00:25:23 2.2 Continuity 00:27:05 2.3 Demographics 00:29:14 2.4 Diaspora 00:30:11 2.4.1 Ancient 00:31:12 2.4.2 Modern 00:33:03 3 Culture 00:33:44 3.1 Language 00:36:15 3.2 Religion 00:37:17 3.3 Arts 00:39:44 3.4 Science 00:42:05 3.5 Symbols 00:43:40 3.6 Surnames and personal names 00:45:45 3.7 Sea 00:47:31 4 Genetics 00:51:53 5 Physical appearance 00:53:15 6 Timeline 00:53:58 7 See also 00:54:07 8 Notes Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY = The Greeks or Hellenes (; Greek: Έλληνες, Éllines [ˈelines]) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Greek settlement in the Philippines Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment. This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice. SUMMARY = Greek settlement in the Philippines is a small community of descendants of ethnic Greeks who settled the country since the Spanish colonization of the country.
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: 🤍 00:01:14 1 Calendars by region 00:01:24 1.1 Aetolian 00:02:44 1.2 Argolian 00:03:05 1.3 Attic 00:03:48 1.4 Boeotian 00:04:30 1.5 The Antikythera mechanism calendar 00:05:25 1.6 Cretan 00:06:07 1.7 Delphic 00:06:45 1.8 Elian 00:07:12 1.9 Epidaurian 00:07:52 1.10 Laconian 00:08:31 1.11 Locris 00:09:16 1.12 Macedonian 00:10:04 1.13 Rhodian 00:10:49 1.14 Sicilian 00:11:22 1.15 Thessalian 00:12:14 2 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: 🤍 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: 🤍 Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: 🤍 Speaking Rate: 0.8757536316763835 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-B "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY = The various ancient Greek calendars began in most states of ancient Greece between Autumn and Winter except for the Attic calendar, which began in Summer. The Greeks, as early as the time of Homer, appear to have been familiar with the division of the year into the twelve lunar months but no intercalary month Embolimos or day is then mentioned, with twelve months of 354 days. Independent of the division of a month into days, it was divided into periods according to the increase and decrease of the moon. Thus, the first day or new moon was called Noumenia. The month in which the year began, as well as the names of the months, differed among the states, and in some parts even no names existed for the months, as they were distinguished only numerically, as the first, second, third, fourth month, etc. Of primary importance for the reconstruction of the regional Greek calendars is the calendar of Delphi, because of the numerous documents found there recording the manumission of slaves, many of which are dated both in the Delphian and in a regional calendar.
Video summary: The Battle of Lemnos (Greek: Ναυμαχία της Λήμνου, Turkish: Mondros Deniz Muharebesi), fought on 18 January [O.S. 5 January] 1913, was a naval battle during the First Balkan War, in which the Greeks defeated the second and last attempt of the Ottoman Empire to break the Greek naval blockade of the Dardanelles and reclaim supremacy over the Aegean Sea. This, the final naval battle of the First Balkan War, forced the Ottoman Navy to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it did not venture for the rest of the war, thus ensuring the dominion of the Aegean Sea and the Aegean islands by Greece. Article: 🤍 About us: The AI reader History channel helps you learn about History. We use Wikipedia articles one of the most reliable sources on the internet. Learn while driving, while at the office, or while relaxing at home. Just turn on our channel and learn about all sorts of historic events and people. License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (🤍
Video summary: The Battle of Kresna Gorge was fought in 1913 between the Greeks and the Bulgarians during the Second Balkan War. The battle was fought over an eleven day period, between 8–18 July, over a front of 20 km, in a maze of forests and mountains. The battle marked the last phase of Greek advances into Bulgarian territory before the ceasefire and the peace treaty. Article: 🤍 About us: The AI reader History channel helps you learn about History. We use Wikipedia articles one of the most reliable sources on the internet. Learn while driving, while at the office, or while relaxing at home. Just turn on our channel and learn about all sorts of historic events and people. License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (🤍
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: Church of Greece Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: 🤍 In case you don't find one that you were looking for, put a comment. This video uses Google TTS en-US-Standard-D voice. SUMMARY = The Church of Greece (Greek: Ἐκκλησία τῆς Ἑλλάδος, Ekklisía tis Elládos [ekliˈsia tis eˈlaðos]), part of the wider Greek Orthodox Church, is one of the autocephalous churches which make up the communion of Orthodox Christianity. Its canonical territory is confined to the borders of Greece prior to the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913 ("Old Greece"), with the rest of Greece (the "New Lands", Crete, and the Dodecanese) being subject to the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. However, most of the dioceses of the Metropolises of the New Lands are de facto administered as part of the Church of Greece for practical reasons, under an agreement between the churches of Athens and Constantinople. The primate of the Church of Greece is the Archbishop of Athens and All Greece.
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